Aim. We study valuable components of the natural environment and perform a historical and geographical analysis of nature management.

Methodology. The natural features, the history of nature management and the cultural landscape of the Mnevnikovskaya floodplain (a specially protected natural area, part of the Moskvoretsky Natural and Historical Park) are studied. Literary, cartographic, documentary, and popular science materials, including historical ones, are summarized. A number of field routes, observations and photography on the ground are carried out. The analysis is based on high-resolution space images taken in 2021 (WorldView1 satellite\2\3, USA, spatial resolution up to 1 m) provided by the Center for Collective Use “Geoportal”, as well as historical materials of aerial and space photography. The most striking and typical fragments of images are highlighted, reflecting the state of valuable natural and cultural landscapes and ecosystems.

Results. Data on valuable natural objects are summarized: meadows; marshes; river; lake landscapes; plant and animal species from the Red Books of Moscow, Russia and the IUCN; natural monuments; and promising protected areas. The dynamics of nature management and the cultural landscape is revealed: the features of settlement, the development of fisheries, agriculture, the activities of industrial enterprises, the transformation of the floodplain into an island in 1937, and various urban development projects.

Research implications. Information about the natural and cultural features of the area is presented and summarized and the dynamics of nature management and its images on satellite images are identified.

Aim. The purpose is to assess allowable phosphorus loads on lake basins.

Methodology. For 18 large lakes located in Russia, Sweden, Finland, Hungary, Italy, Norway, and Estonia, we estimate values of allowable phosphorus loads, allowing them to remain in an oligotrophic status. The considered lakes significantly differ in water surface areas (by 121.2 times), volume (by 1197.4 times) and average depth (by 63 times). For calculations, the method of P. A. Lozovik, the distinctive feature of which, compared with the traditionally used methods of Follenweider and Follenweider and Dillon, is that it comprehensively takes into account not only the morphometric (average depth, surface area) and hydrological (time of complete water exchange) characteristics of a water body, but also its assimilation (self-cleaning) ability in relation to phosphorus compounds. For the convenience of calculations, we used our program “Program for calculating the allowable phosphorus loads on freshwater lakes”¹.

Results. In a number of cases, the lack of initial hydrological data, especially on water runoff from lakes, does not allow the wide use of P. A. Lozovik’s method. Taking into account that the lake and its watershed are a single natural system, a hypothesis is formulated about the possible existence of a quantitative relationship between the values of permissible phosphorus loads on lakes and the areas of their watersheds. On the example of 18 large lakes, a statistically significant relationship was established between the natural logarithms of the allowable phosphorus loads on these lakes and their catchment areas. The revealed relationship is adequate, characterized by a high closeness of the relationship between the variables on the Chaddock scale and is suitable for predicting the allowable phosphorus loads on lakes and reservoirs. Approximate values of permissible phosphorus loads on three large lakes of the Vologda region and eight large lakes of the Murmansk region were calculated.

Research implications. The revealed quantitative ratios allow environmental authorities and specialists to improve the efficiency and reliability of decisions made on the required level of deeutrophication of the lakes under consideration by reducing the anthropogenic phosphorus load with runoff from point and diffuse sources.

Аim. We develop approaches to the creation of information and analytical systems in the regions of the Russian Federation to ensure the sustainable development of territories based on the standard of environmental-economic accounting implemented in the Russian Federation. The object of the study is the system of information support of territorial administration bodies in the field of nature management and environmental protection.

Methodology. Approaches and features of adaptation in the Russian Federation of the international standard “System of environmental-economic accounting” (SEEA1) and guidelines on ecosystem accounting2 are identified. The system-forming role of these documents in generalizing data and ensuring the connectivity of the country’s territory through the creation of a hierarchical innovative data system combining environmental and socio-economic indicators, interconnected by levels of territorial organization and areas of economic activity, in common approaches and formats is shown. The methodology of the standard makes it possible to form special sets of statistical, administrative and other data on the state and use of natural resources in conjunction with relevant economic indicators.

Results. The approaches and features of the development of an information and analytical system for ensuring sustainable development of territories on the SEEA platform are determined. The importance of SEEA is shown as an information basis for making informed decisions on sustainable territorial development and the «blue» economy in conditions of high natural and anthropogenic risks.

Research implications. Studies of international and domestic experience in the development and implementation of SEEA at various levels of territorial organization have shown that this standard does not contradict the Russian statistical tradition, and is also capable of acting as a systemforming core of information and analytical systems for ensuring sustainable development of territories. Its adaptation in different geographical conditions makes it possible to provide stakeholders with complete and reliable information about the physical and economic parameters of ecosystem assets, ecosystem services, depletion/degradation and replenishment/restoration of ecosystems, beneficiaries (income and benefits received) and other characteristics.

Aim. We consider the environmental restrictions in the development of agglomerations on the territory of Russia, which are taken into account or should be taken into account in the process of developing the schemes for their territorial planning.

Methodology. The work makes use of official statistical data, information from state authorities and local governments, materials from Development Concepts and Territorial Planning Schemes (TPSs) of a number of Russian agglomerations, and the results of the 2021 All-Russian Population Census. As the keys, we study TPSs of Samara-Togliatti, Kavminvodsk and Novosibirsk agglomerations. Various environmental restrictions taken into account in the development of TPSs of agglomerations, selected as the keys for this study, are compared and analyzed.

Results. The main results of the work include the compilation of a list of environmental restrictions on territorial development used in a number of TPSs for agglomerations developed in our country in recent years with references to their legal regime, as well as a comparative analysis of the use of certain environmental restrictions in the development of TPSs of agglomerations located in different types of Russian regions. The analysis shows that the list of environmental restrictions taken into account in the development of the TPS of a particular agglomeration depends not only on the natural, economic-geographical or urban specifics of the planning object. In a number of cases, unreasonable omissions of some restrictions taken into account in other TPSs are noted. The absence of a clearly regulated list of environmental restrictions approved by experts in this field of activity, as well as a unified form for submitting such materials to the TPS of each agglomeration, in our opinion, requires serious improvement.

Research implications. The work is of practical importance, since the analysis of the developed TPSs of Russian agglomerations in regions of various types and, based on its results, a fairly complete (representative) list of the environmental restrictions of prospective territorial development used in them allows using this material for further work in this type of territorial planning. The data on the legal regime of each type of environmental restrictions given in the same list will make it possible to use them in the future in the development of regional strategic documents and territorial planning documents.

Aim. The purpose of this study is to identify local features and differences in the usage of mining heritage in Japan and their determining factors.

Methodology. Use is made of the implication of comparative geographical and expeditionary research methods to identify and compare the usage of former mining sites in Kamaishi and Asio. Results. Uses of former resource extraction sites such as establishment of mine museums, tourism development, and organization of ecological and educational activities are revealed in Kamaishi (Iwate Prefecture) and Ashio (Tochigi Prefecture). The location of the object and its history as well as the interests of the company and local communities determine the specifics of options in using and preserving the mining heritage. The conclusion is made about possibilities of the Japanese experience application in densely populated territories of Russia with good transport accessibility. But there are usage limitations of such an experience in poorly developed and remote areas in the north and east of the country.

Research implications. The research results deepen the understanding of the diversity of mining heritage usage in all over the world and clarify the factors affecting local specifics. The practical significance lies in the application of Japan’s experience for organization of tourist and museum activities in the areas of former mining sites in Russia and other countries.

Aim. The purpose is to reveal the spatial regrouping of forces in the architecture of the global pharmaceutical industry at regional and global levels.

Methodology. The analysis of available sources (UNIDO. Industrial Development Report 2020; “Torreya’s Pharma 1000 Report. 2021”; “COVID-19: The Great Reset” 2020 and others) was carried out. Statistical data (“Science and Engineering Indicators” 2022; “Global pharmaceutical industry – statistics & facts” 2022; “Fortune Global 500”) were used. А comparative analysis of indicators in the dynamics of the beginning of the 21st century was applied.

Results. Spatial changes in the global pharmaceutical industry since the beginning of the 21^st century are assessed. The regions-leaders and countries-leaders of the industry are designated. The role and positions of the largest pharmaceutical corporations in the Fortune Global 500 rating are characterized. The high level of monopolization of the industry’s production capacities is shown. The main directions of the development of the world pharmaceutical industry are outlined. The factors determining them are indicated.

Research implications. The Asian region is currently the leader in the global pharmaceutical industry. However, the United States holds the leading position in the pharmaceutical industry. But China has already taken the 2^nd place in the world, ahead of many highly developed countries. At the same time, China’s share in the output of the pharmaceutical industry in the Asian region exceeds 65%. Theoretical and practical significance of the study on identifying the spatial regrouping of forces in the global pharmaceutical industry is due to the fact that the recommendations on using the experience of industry development in the leading countries (primarily in China) can be used by Russian pharmaceutical companies and regulatory authorities in the healthcare sector. The results of the paper can be used in the educational process in universities.

Aim. We study the situation related to the development and existence of small and mediumsized businesses in the Siberian Federal District, where more than 36% of the economically active local population is employed in this sector of the economy

Methodology. The official data on the state of small and medium-sized businesses for 2000– 2022 served as information basis of the study. The paper gives an assessment of the institutional environment of entrepreneurship. Both statistical and descriptive methods were used in the work.

Results. The main reasons hindering the development of small and medium-sized businesses in Russia were identified. The characteristic of a situation with small enterprises of the Siberian Federal District for a number of years is given. It is noted that the state policy of supporting small business in the country is weakly aimed at regulating and supporting this sector of the economy, which directly affects the closure of small businesses and leads to job cuts.

Research implications. The study identified the main problems that hinder the full development of this sector of economy. The significance of the work lies in the fact that it made it possible to quite objectively reflect the state of small and medium-sized businesses in the Siberian Federal District in recent years.

Aim. The study pursues the following objectives: to evaluate the aims and prospects for the development of landscape therapy in geographical research, to determine the role of landscape therapeutic and aesthetic resources in health tourism, to summarize the experience of using landscape therapy in tourism, and to develop scientific and methodological approaches as well as practical measures for the establishment of landscape therapy as part of recreational systems.

Methodology. National and international materials concerning the development of landscape therapy are collected and analyzed. The study relies on systematic synthesis as a universal scientific method. It provides a systematic interdisciplinary analysis and generalization of published literature and Internet sources on the state of the art in landscape therapy and its further potential. Descriptive, evolutionary and aesthetic-geographical methods are used. The experience of drug-based medicine is critically examined. The factors that determine and make it possible to consider landscapes as aesthetic objects are revealed. The study summarizes medical and geographical works on the health-improving functions of landscape therapy.

Results. The study develops the concept of landscape therapy as one of the most important natural and health resources, which only raises in prominence at the age of Covid. The study demonstrates the importance of landscape therapy in improving the quality of life. The conceptualization of landscape therapy helps analyze and substantiate the healing power of landscape beauty. The role of beautiful places in the formation of recreational spaces is revealed. Such sites have significant heritage importance and, in many cases, acquire national symbolic importance. The study reveals the relationships between natural features and healing and health-improving phenomena (geohealing and geopathic zones).

Research implications. This study is one of the first attempts to comprehensively address landscape therapy. This new approach to landscapes expands the possibilities of and puts additional requirements for their protection and the organization of tourism as a driver of socioeconomic development of the countryside. Practical recommendations for the development of landscape therapy are formulated. The analysis demonstrates the need for a comprehensive understanding of the healing power of certain landscapes in the context of the coronavirus pandemics. Recommendations are given to support medical studies in geography in order to move its focus more from the transformation and protection of the nature to the transformation and salvation of human beings. The results of the study are necessary for developing a health landscape theory and can be used to educate geography students and specialists in the field of tourism, as well as to develop educational and methodological materials.

Aim. We perform a sociological study of advantages of tourist mobile applications for the promotion of wine tourism in Sevastopol.

Methodology. To solve the research problem, a questionnaire and an interview were used to study the opinion of respondents regarding the demand for the development of a new mobile tourist application in Sevastopol.

Results. Using the results of the study, the possibility of developing a new tourist mobile application in Sevastopol for the project “Terroir Sevastopol” (Wine Road) is discussed. A modern portrait of a consumer of a new mobile tourist application for the development of wine tourism in Sevastopol is presented.

Research implications. The main catalysts and barriers to the growth of demand in the market of tourist mobile applications are identified. The necessity of developing promising wine tourism in Sevastopol through a mobile application is proved in order to improve travel and recreation of tourists, as well as to increase the tourist attractiveness of this destination.

Aim. The purpose of the study is to summarize open materials on the formation of the global ESG policy, as well as to analyze these materials and develop proposals for changing the Russian ESG policy under conditions formed from outside socio-political risks.

Methodology. Legal documents on the organizational design of the ESG agenda of world politics are analyzed in detail. Market capitalizations of the world’s leading companies are compared and existing procedures for determining their success are evaluated. Applicability and usefulness of ESG management in the Russian Federation are determined.

Results. State ESG management is optimal for the Russian Federation. ESG management is implemented through an objective calculation of the utility and cost of each natural resource  of a region and a country; through determining the feasibility of the natural resource use in the current time or in the planned future; through a comparison with the efficiency of using other natural resources; through ensuring the preservation or restoration of an environment favorable for Russian citizens; and through constant open explanation to the citizens of the Russian Federation of the decisions made in the field of nature management.

Research implications. The paper shows the feasibility of using a well-developed international ESG management mechanism after necessary changes are introduced to the system of public administration of the Russian Federation.