We report a study of biodegradation by microorganisms of naphtenic hydrocarbons extracted from the waters of the oil-polluted Caspian Sea and reservoirs of the Apsheron peninsula. It is found that in the oil-polluted waters, the phytoplancton and phytobenthos growth extremely weakens and the bio-productivity is significantly reduced. We have also identified twenty-three strains of fungi and fourty-three strains of bacteria of actively biodegraded naphthenic hydrocarbons.

In order to reveal the reasons for the hippicampal activity blockade after electrolitic damage of the dorsal amygdalofugal pathway, we have studied the morphological changes in neurons of the septo-hippocampal system before and after the damage. Morphology investigation by the Nissl method has shown that long-term depression of the electric activity of hippocampus, septum and dentate gyrus after the damage of the dorsal amygdalofugal pathway is the result of the profound morphological changes in the neurons and glial cells of the studied structures.

The whole life of the plant proceeds with participation of substances of hormonal action, they regulate the interaction of the individual plant organs. Phytohormones are one of the systems with which the plant is able to subtly perceive and respond to different external influences. Under conditions of a pot experiment (soil culture), we have carried out experimental work with spring wheat which was treated with a synthetic analogue of cytokinins, i.e 6- benzylaminopurine (6-BAP). It is shown that spraying wheat with 6-BAP causes a change in height, plant mass, intensity of respiration and anatomical structure of the leaves.

We consider a number of issues of applied nature in connection with present-day growing necessity for strengthening the system of microbiological control in bread-making industry under conditions of its constant grow and technical improvement. It is shown that this food industry requires the development of new more indicative valuable criteria for microbiological control. The importance of creation of microbe and moldy fungi banks, most dangerous for bread and grain products, with a view to rapidly identify and produce measures for their rendering for microbiological services is emphasized.

We have studied the quantitative content and qualitative composition of carotenoids in fresh fruits of twenty-eight forms of natural sea-buckthorn bushes growing in the floodplains of rivers flowing in the Northern Azerbaijan. It is found that the selected forms with useful commercially valuable biomorphological signs differ both in content and qualitative composition. It is shown that different parts of the fruit are also characterized by the content of carotenoids. The highest amount of carotenoids is concentrated in the peel with the pulp. A positive correlation between the color of the fruit and the content of carotenoids is revealed. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) shows that the shapes differ in the qualitative composition of carotenoids. The component composition of carotenoids in fruits studied ranges from five to twelve. The greatest number of components is found in orange fruits. By using chromatography, twelve components are isolated and identified from orange fruits. In all investigated fruit forms we have found ß-carotene, zeaxanthin, lycopene, and cryptoxanthin.

We report a study of the polysaccharide complex isolated from the subterranean elements (roots and rhizomes) of Potentilla alba L. (Rosaceae) introduced in the Northern Caucasus. The method of sequential fractional isolation of polysaccharides is used for isolating polysaccharide complexes. The research activities result in isolation of the polysaccharides from the roots and rhizomes of the introduced plant and their fractionation for the first time. It is found that the plant output of the carbohydrate complex is equal to 9%. The method of paper chromatography is used to determine their qualitative monosaccharide composition. The dominant component of the polysaccharide complex is hemicellulose B.

The morphological characteristics of Greek tortoise, as one of the oldest types of modern reptiles, are poorly studied under conditions of the modern environmental factors. Despite the fact that Greek tortoise has a special place in the Apsheron Peninsula herpetofauna, the puerperal growth and development of these turtles has not been studied in detail so far. This is due to the fact that in the puerperal period, the growth and development of turtles is very slow. On the other hand, accurate dating of laying fertile eggs and newborns in laboratory and natural conditions is accompanied by some difficulties.

We report data on new and rare species of vascular plants in the flora of the North-Western Caucasus, found in the Abinsk and Novorossyisk floristical regions during the field research in 2010-2015. In these floristical regions we have found five new species, confirmed the location of two species known from the old reports and identified new locations of sixteen vascular plant species included in the Red Data Book of the Russian Federation and in the Red Data Book of the Krasnodar territory. The data confirm that the flora of the region is still poorly studied and complement available information about rare species with the purpose of taking concrete measures to protect them.

We report the results of the first studies on the microbiological regime of water and sediments, as well as on some hydrochemistry ingredients of the Arpacay reservoir in 2014. It is found that a change in the number and spreading of microbiota by seasons is highly pronounced, mainly in summer (high) and cold winter days (minimum). This oscillation amplitude is observed in the number of microflora of water, whereas in the soil it varies much weaker during the year. Also, we have observed a short-term increase in the number of microorganisms after the snow melting and heavy rains. In this case, the total number of microorganisms and the number of heterotrophic and saprophytic bacteria in the central part of the waters and near the dam of the reservoir vary slightly. The concentration of nutrients does not exhibit sharp fluctuations for the entire year, and stationary sources of anthropogenic emissions are absent. In the reservoir, the magnitude of primary production of phytoplankton photosynthesis and degradation of organic matter is equal to that of mesotrophic reservoirs.

A comparative evaluation is performed of the effect of CuO (CuO NPs; 20 mkg/l) and Cu (12 mkg/l) nanoparticles on the formation of lipid peroxidation products (malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydrox-2,3-inonenal (4-HNE)) in gills of a mussel in a laboratory experiment. The results demonstrate low bioavailability of CuO NPs that we have used for the mussels. Moreover, in gills of molluscs, in the experiment with particles and copper ions we have observed changes in the content of MDA and 4-HNE as compared to those in the control group. Taking into account the fact that there is no considerable accumulation of Cu in the group with CuO NPs, the manifestation of its toxicity is suggested to be indirect.

In conditions of laboratory experiment compared bioavailability of CuO nanoparticles (NPs; 20 mkg/l) and Cu ions (12 mkg/l). Variations of Fe, Zn, Mn, and Cd of gills, digestive gland and kidneys of the Crenomytilus grayanus were studied. The results demonstrated low bioavailability CuO NPs that we used for the mussels. In the digestive gland was a significant change concentration Zn against insignificant accumulation of CuO NPs. It is assumed that the stress caused by the isolation mollusks at a daily change of water influenced the trace element metabolism in the bodies of Gray mussels.

The use of technical tools during training sessions allows one to efficiently develop motor skills, to improve technical and tactical skills, to receive urgent and reliable information abount the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the movements and the level of development of physical abilities and technical preparedness of the athlete, and to ensure the rapid improvement of motor skills. In the literature, sports training using means of urgent information is insufficiently studied, and hardware is poorly designed for the measurement of performance indicators of motor actions in handball.

We consider the thermodynamics of homogeneous and heterogeneous crystallization under a modifying external effect on the molten metal, as a particular case of the physico-chemical action on the solidifying metal. A thermodynamic model of the influence of the modifier on the crystallization of melts is obtained. The original expressions for the parameters of the process are derived. A comparison of these parameters shows that the modifier changes the parameters of the state of the crystallization process as well as its run and result i.e. the structure of the cast metal becomes more fine-grained, which improves the quality of ingots and castings.

This research is concerned with the urban ecology of the Moscow region. This paper studies the impact of transport on the environment of the city of Klin. During the research we have determined registering posts of transport flows and sources of acoustic pollution. The statistics obtained has made it possible to carry out an analysis of the vehicular traffic. The research work analyses the traffic management and the efficiency of traffic lights and gives guidelines for reduction of high acoustic pollution degree. The paper includes detailed maps of the studied areas with traffic lights and movement of vehicles during rush hours.

To date, of undoubtful interest in the domestic geography is the processing of historical data, which can be used for ecological and cultural-geographical division of different territories of Russia into districts. We consider the basic concepts related to the landscape-historical analysis and to retrospective development of the territory. We present two approaches to periodization of the territory development. The periodization of the the development of the Meshchera lowlands is proposed.

Possibility of characteristic identification of altitudinal landscape structure differentiation in the Dniester and Prut basins using formal methods is discussed. The problem scrutiny is analyzed. A statistical model that shows the height distribution of different geosystem types and environmental factors is presented. A regular change in steppe, meadow-steppe, forest dry and fresh types of geosystems is shown to occur with increasing relief heights. Geomorphological areas, which allow one to determine their landscape diversity, depending on the height of the relief amplitude as well as altitudinal differentiation peculiarities of geosystems for each district, are specified.

We consider the content of military geoecology, which studies the current and future geoecological consequences of military activities on the environment and man in it. We have formulated the scientific understaning of the terrestrial and space aspects of military geoecology, military and geo-environmental terrorism, and biological aspects of military geoecology. Military geoecological issues are considered from the standpoint of Applied Geoecology for conservation of the real life-supporting resources of the environment. At the present level of knowledge, military geoecology studies the relationship of man and his activities with the environment in space and time in order to ensure national security. In the context of the expansion of military conflicts we emphasize the humanistic function of Geoecology as a discipline of human survival.