The research has shown that the level of regenerative
ability of the liver, determined by the intensity and the
ratio of mitosis, apoptosis and necrosis, is higher in rats aged
9 and 18 months compared with animals aged 11 months
both under pathological experimental conditions and during
biostimulation. The liver of animals at the age of 9 and 18
months is characterized by close values of the parameters
studied. This is a sufficient demonstration of greater exposure
of animals to the action of pathological and stimulatory factors
in different periods of ontogenesis.

The nesting ecology of Red-backed Shrike was
studied in 2009-2011 in the Central Ciscaucasia (Stavropol
region). New data on nest building, egg laying and hatching
as well as on the behavior of birds during the nesting period
are obtained. The nest structure, nest building material, as
well as morphometric characteristics of eggs are investigated.
The main factors limiting the number of Red-backed Shrikes
during their breeding season are the destruction of nests by
birds from the crow family, pets and mans activites. However,
the number of Red-backed Shrikes in the studied territory still
remains stable.

The study on the variability of heart rate makes
it possible to evaluate the condition of the human regulatory
systems of pupils with scoliosis at the initial stage of deformation.
Nervous and humoral control of activity of heart changes
much earlier than energy, metabolic and hemodynamic
changes are revealed. The results obtained allow characterization
of the adaptive facilities of organisms from the point of
view of gender features. The physiological effect of the adaptive
reaction to the influence of the healthful system primarily
manifests itself in higher activity of the parasympathetic nervous
system.

As a result of the research performed we have
studied the taxonomic structure of mycobiota of essential oil
plants growing in ecologically different territories of Azerbaijan.
We have determined that 87 species of fungi participate
in the formation of mycobiota of about 40 species of essential
oil plants growing in Azerbaijan. We have found that such fungi
living on essential oil plants as Colletotrichum panacicola
Nak. et Fak., Septoria menthae (Thüm.) Oudem., Phoma exigua
Desm. vә Thielaviopsis basicola (Berk. & Broome) Ferraris
are new for mycobiota of Azerbaijan.

The levels of biological activity of soils under
the parks and squares of Baku have been studied comprehensively
using the following parameters: enzyme activity,
number of microorganisms and phytotoxicity. We have found
that the level of biological activity and total phytotoxicity of soil
under the parks in Baku varies depending on the location of
parks and squares. The soils under the Baku city parks are
characterized by an increase in microbiological activity and
phytotoxicity against a decrease in enzyme activity compared
with the control soil-zone.

Mycotoxins are widespread in organic matter,
which is kept in conditions favorable for the development
of fungi. Such fungi have been found in food only recently
due to the development of highly sensitive instruments and
methods of analysis. The vast majority of fungi that produce
mycotoxins infect plant products. By being used as livestock
feed they can also appear in the food chain such as meat and
dairy products consumed by humans. The optimal conditions
ensuring the development of fungi is high temperature and
humidity above 85%, which implies that grain crops and legumes
grown in different landscape zones of Azerbaijan, are
distinguished by the level of production of aflatoxins.

We report a study on florae of urbanized territories
of the Republic of Kalmykia. We present the results of a
complex analysis of flora in four administrative urban districts
of the Republic of Kalmykia, i.e, Elista, Gorodovikovsk, Lagan
and Sadovoe (a village in the Sarpinsk district). The conclusion
is drawn about the ecological conditions of the urbanized
territories under study. The similarity in the taxonomic
structure of the spectra of the cities of Kalmykia indicates the
similarity of their ecological regimes.

Due to the kinetic inertness of rhodium(III) ions,
we substantiate the necessity to activate rhodium in the color
reaction, particularly, in processes involving heterocyclic azo
compounds. Some compounds are known to be very labile. A
brief review of labilization means of rhodium(III) is presented.
It is shown that mild carbonylhalogenation of rhodium(III)
in acetate ion - metal - alcohol - reagent systems is very
promising under thermal or microwave exposure. In this case,
the system produces the corresponding acetate, transforming
rhodium(III) in the carbonyl chloride of lower degrees of
oxidation.

We present the results of the study of distribution
of persistent organochlorine compounds in the Arkhangelsk
region under conditions of a developed timber industry.
By the example of Lake Svyatoye located in the southwest
of the Arkhangelsk region, accumulation of high concentrations
of hexachlorobenzene (belonging to persistent organic
pollutants) and pentachlorophenol in bottom sediments was
detected. The relationship between contamination of bottom
sediments by the above-mentioned organochlorine compounds
with the formation of secondary pollution sources in
the catchment area of the lake resulting from application of
home-produced dioxin-containing sodium pentachlorophenolate
as a biocide is revealed.

Processes of granulation of complex organic
and mixed fertilizers, slag materials taking into account physical-
chemical and rheological properties of initial components
are developed. It is shown that these are polydisperse multicomponent
charge materials which include local raw materials.
A special installation is developed for determining structural
deformation characteristics and regime parameters of a
materials granulation process. The kinetic parameters of the
process of granulation of investigated materials and regimes
for producing granulated materials are found. Recommendations
on the choice of the type of the binding material used in
the course of granulation are given.

We have investigated the properties of a condensed
anisometric phase (strings), spontaneously formed in
solutions of chiral trifluoro acetylated amino alcohols. Atomic
force microscopy studies show that the intermolecular bonds
in the main phase are compacted inside strings. Using the
X-ray analysis, we have revealed the crystalline nature of the
ordering of molecules in the strings. The study of IR and UV
absorption spectra have shown that at concentrations prior to
the formation of strings, the molecular associates are formed
in the corresponding solutions.

Methane is by far the most important non-CO2
greenhouse gas whose concentration in the Earths atmosphere
is much higher than that of most organic compounds.
Sources of methane emissions are diverse and one of them
is the thermal decomposition of acetates of metals, which can
be widely found in nature. According to the results of the experiment,
the thermal decomposition of acetates, along with
methane, produces such gases as О2, СО, СО2, ˙ ОН,˙ СН3, ˙
СН3ОО, ˙ СН2О, ˙ СНО, ˙ О2Н, ˙ Н, С2Н2, Н2О2.

We take a look at the state-of-the-art of sports
and wellness tourism in the Moscow region, i.e., geography
and infrastructure of pedestrian, horse, hunting, fishing,
mountain skiing tourisms. Territorial features of a modern
touristic network in the Moscow region are determined. The
influence of anthropogenic factors on tourism is considered
for geo-ecological assessment of tourist and recreational potential
in the Moscow region. We propose to use ecotourism
technologies for promoting domestic tourism in the Moscow
region and to improve the legal basis of ecotourism for further
development. The ways of ecologization of sports and wellness
tourism in the Moscow region are shown.

The Caucasian Mineral Waters region is one
of the oldest and leading Russian health resort areas with a
variety of recreational resources: mineral springs, therapeutic
mud, etc., where the development of health resorts and their
wide use began. The article describes the history of the formation
and development of the balneological resorts in the
region under study during the XIX century. The conditions
and factors affecting the development of health resorts are
analyzed. The process of the development of recreational
infrastructure and recreational activities is described. Data
on the dynamics of the holiday-makers during that period are
presented.

An anomalously hot summer prediction facilitates
timely planning of events that prevent considerable
damage to agricultural production. In this article we have
analyzed and described by polynomials of sixth degree the
dynamics of average decade temperature anomalies in the
unusually hot 1972, 1988, 1999 and 2010 years using the
data of Moscow meteorological stations as an example. In
these years the common temperature characteristics of the
winter-spring period were a sharp cold snap in late January,
April or at the beginning of May, and an abnormally warm
early spring period. Synchronism revealed in the dynamics
of temperature allows us to consider these year-analogs and
predict the possibility of occurrence of an anomalously hot
summer period.

We present the data on the level of pollution
of Astrakhan inland waters with zinc, copper, lead, mercury,
nickel, and cadmium. Dynamics of a change in the level of
pollution within five years - from 2004 to 2008 - in different
seasons of the year is given. All the results aimed at determining
the contents of heavy metals are statistically processed.
The obtained data are analyzed; the recommendations for
improvement of an ecological condition of the inland waters
under study are given, taking into account their hydrological
features, natural and climatic conditions.

The study on anthropogenic chemical river
runoff to water basins becomes currently very urgent, especially
under conditions of an increasing technogenic influence
on hydrosphere, since the rivers are the major suppliers of
both natural and technogenic chemical components from the
continent. Differentiation of the anthropogenic component
of the chemical runoff from its natural analogs by chemicalanalytical
methods is impossible. We have developed an essentially
new, theoretically based and empirically approved
methodology which allows one to isolate most objectively the
anthopogenic constituent part of chemical components in the
flow against the background of natural changes in hydrologohydrochemical
conditions of river runoff.

Due to an active human influence and territory
transformation, an assessment of a geoecological situation
in separate regions and of changes in the quality of environment
is becoming increasingly urgent at present. The study
of the influence of anthropogenic factors becomes especially
important in the industrially urbanized regions with a great
number of the technogenic objects that serve as a source of
environmental problems. One of such regions of the country
is the territory of the Ryazan region where many geographical
objects and geosystems have been subjected to anthropogenous
intervention.

Defining the essence of the geographical environment
- is the main difficulty in the way of the formation of
theoretical geography, because - this is one of the main problems
and solution depends on its theorization of geographical
knowledge. The article describes the history of the formation of
representations of the geographical environment. The original
essence of the concept of geographical environment was
seen as a natural element, and later it began to be regarded
as an integral structure. It also provides a modern view of
the geographical environment in terms of global studies and
the study of geoversums. Global Studies as a philosophical
direction, considering co-evolution of nature and humanity in
their special quality of integrity.