We report the results of studying the cell walls of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae with the use of physical and chemical methods of the analysis. Visualisation of IR - and H1-NMR spectra allows a qualitative comparison with those, characteristic of other biological objects of the vegetative and animal origin whose biomass can be used as cheap sorptions materials. Potentiometric and electrokinetic measurements of biomass of cell walls of the yeast representing natural biopolymers make it possible to gain a deeper insight into the surface structure, to determine the presence of some functional groups and to understand the principles of their interaction with ions of heavy metals, radionuclides and other ecological toxicants.

We report the results of the isotopic exchange reaction¹²С¹⁸О+¹³С¹⁶О^↔12С¹⁶О+¹³С¹⁸О over La₂O₃ and 9.5%La₂O₃/γAl₂O₃ catalysts between 173 and 673K. In the same temperature range, no CO disproportionation reactions are observed. Using the adsorption data, we suggest the existence of at least two types of CO adsorbed species that differ in the bonding energy with the surface. We propose that the CO isotopic exchange proceeds via the Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism on the La₂O₃ sites. Mass spectrometric, adsorptions measurements have been employed.

Granulation process of complex and water-soluble fertilizers in a high-speed granulator is studied. The features of the granulator design, making it possible to influence the granulation kinetics, are considered. We present the experimental data on the values of the yield and strength characteristics of fertilizers as functions of technological and constructional parameters of the granulator. Rotor rotation frequencies, at which granules are not crushed, are determined. Structurization of granules is considered using the methods of scanning electron microscopy.

Presented are results of the study of distribution of sulfur, which is a consequence of the flow of the biogeochemical sulfur cycle in water and sediments of two small lakes in the south of Arkhangelsk region. Objects of study (Lake Maselgskoe and Lake Svyatoye) are located in the middle taiga, but differ in the degree of anthropogenic pressure.

We report the ontogenetic changes in the information parameters of liver, reflecting the level of its adaptation resources and the intensity of mitotic and apoptotic activity. We have found a cyclic variation of the parameters under study. Ontogeny periods characterized by low values of informational morphological organization are critical, since at that time the organs are characterized by a low level of regenerative adaptability and fewer structural elements serving as a potential reserve.

We have studied the informational condition of liver of rats during ontogeny and in response to toxic injury. We have determined the age dynamics of information parameters of liver, which reflect its adaptability. It has been shown that an increase in the entropy of liver during ontogenesis is associated with a lower adaptability of liver. The dependence of the severity of the liver damage on the current body of entropy is presented.

We report the histopathological status of muscle tissue in carp and goldfish, living in the Aras (Araks) and Arpachay rivers of the Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic. The selected biomarker tissue was histologically studied after staining the obtained sections with haematoxylin and eosin. Organization of muscle tissue of the fish caught in the Aras river was characterized by a slight change. Thus, the common carp exhibited winding of fibers, splitting of passing fibers, their damage and loss; the silver crucian carp - weak splitting of passing fibers, their loss and miopatya. The fish caught in the Arpachay river was characterized by the following changes: the common carp exhibited splitting of muscle fibers, their loss, regeneration, miopatya and winding; the silver crucian carp - the loss of muscle fibers, their splitting and winding. Based on the data obtained, we have drawn the conclusion that the environmental situation in the Aras river is relatively better than that in the Arpachay river.

During the ecology-phytocenological studies conducted in 2010-2011 eleven new species of plants were found in the natural ecosystems of the mountainous part of the Lenkoran region, Azerbaijan Republic. As a result, in the species composition of natural plant communities we have found new areas of distribution of the following species: Festuca - F.picta Kit. and Avena - A.persica Steud.; Apiaceae Lindl. - Charophyllum L. - Ch.bulosum L., Plantaginaceae Juss. - Plantago L. - P.media L. and Asteriaceae Dumort. -Cirsium Hill. - C.horridum (Ad.) Petrak.

Abstarct. We report the effect of the environment conditions and pollen vectors on seed production and seed structure of carrot. The dependence of the seed productivity, quality of seeds on the weight of the root, species of insects, their number and activity is demonstrated. It is found that high humidity and temperature have a negative effect on pollinators and seed productivity.

Taking into account high sensitivity of the conifer needles to environmental pollutants, we have studied the state of needles of Pinus eldarica Medw. growing in four different places of Ganja. Due to anthropogenic impact on the environment (atmosphere pollution), we have observed a decrease in the content of ascorbic acid and an increase in the phenol compounds. A conclusion has been drawn about the relationship of the ascorbic acid content with the antioxidant activity and the visible state of the needles of the conifers growing at different distances from the center of technological pollution, where the number of dry conifer needles is maximal.

It is well known that GC-rich cell free DNA (GC-cfDNA) accumulates in the blood plasma at disease. We have previously shown that GC-cfDNA activates TLR9-dependent signal pathway, thereby increasing TLR9 and its signal pathway adapter MyD88 expression. We study in details the influence of the GC-DNA content on the activation of genes related to TLR9-dependent signal pathways. We have shown that GC-DNA increases the expression of TLR signal pathway and TLR9-dependent signal pathways such as NF-kB- , JNK/p38-and IRF-signal pathways. Thus, MSCs respond to changes in sfDNA GC-content by activating TLR-, NF-kB-, JNK/p38- and IRF-signal pathways.

Introduction studies have been used for the first time to show the search and introduction of the genus Allium L. from natural flora of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic for greenery. The results of long-term investigations have shown some Allium L. species to be promising for Absheron. The development biology and morphogenesis of juvenile plants and crops of some Allium L. species (Allium schoenoprasum L., A. caeruleum Pall., A. akaka S.G. Gmel. ex Schult. et Schult. fil. Aggr., A. rubellum Bieb., A. leucanthum C. Koch) that have been introduced from the natural flora of the Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic in Absheron have been studied at the Central Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan. The investigation of development biology and morphogenesis of these plants enables the usage of plant resources of Nakhchivan flora and enrichment of cultural flora of the Azerbaijan Republic. As a result, the study of biomorphology and morphogenesis of the representatives of the genus Allium L. Will make it possible to solve some problems of both the scientific justification and practical use in the culture.

We report introduction research of Potentilla alba L. on the territory of Pyatigorsk ecobotanical research station of the Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Stavropol krai), Botanical garden of the Kabardino-Balkarian State University in Nalchik and in stanitsa Zolskaya of Kabardino-Balkaria. As a result of the conducted research, it was ascertained that the most convenient method of planting is planting by rooted cuttings; thus, five-year plants are applicable for pharmaceutical manufacturing. Organic fertilizers are recommended to be used to stimulate the growth of the underground part of the plant.

Juvenile pollock food is a poorly studied issue. We report the biological characteristics of juvenile pollock, the composition of food and stomach fullness of fish. The differences in the food composition of different size groups are determined. Comparative analysis of food composition of juvenile pollock shos that in August 2011 and 2012 pollock fed primarily on copepods, stomach fullness was high and conditions for the supply of fry were favorable.

Influence of isocationic sodium salts on the growth intensity and kinetics of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) (MDHD) activity of bean seedlings is studied. It is found that NaCl, Na2SO4, NaHCO3 and Na2CO3 solutions have a very negative effect both on the growth of roots and on the growth of bean seedling stems. Relatively low concentrations of salts induce and high concentrations inhibit the activity of G6PDH and MDHD. Inducing the activity of these enzymes under salt stress seems to contribute to survival of beans seedlings.

Heart rate has an individual character, which is determined by endogenous and exogenous factors. Heart rate in young people is significantly affected by such endogenous factors as the type of constitution, systematic physical activity and smoking. Smoking is found to produce the greatest influence on the rhythm of the cardiovascular system with the highest level of confident probability.

We report new and rare species of vascular plants of the Novorossyisk floristical region of the Northwest Caucasus, including Red Data books of Russian Federation and Krasnodar krai. For the first time, nine species are found in the region, growth of six species not observed on the territory for more than 70 years is confirmed, and new locations of twelve species of plants listed in the Red Data books are described.

We report the possibility of solid-phase fermentation of local strains A.terreus 4 and A.terreus 20 on different substrates with a significant yield of lovastatin. The greatest growth of producers and maximum accumulation of statins in both strains on all the substrates is observed on the 11 day of fermentation. The level of lovastatin production in the strain A.terreus 4 is higher than in A.terreus 20. It is found that the level of biosynthesis of lovastatin in A.terreus 4 when using oats as a solid substrate considerably exceeds all other substrates used. The maximum quantity is equal to 4.32 mg/g of dry substrate when the methanol extraction is employed.

We study the effect of low-intensity decimeter microwaves (460 MHz) on the process of lipid peroxidation and the thiol content (SH-groups) in a rat liver after exposure to the X-ray radiation (4 Gr). The obtained results confirm the suggestion about the antioxidant and radioprotection features of low intensity decimeter microwaves.

We report theoretical generalizations about the role of the fire factor in forming, functioning, stability and dynamics of natural complexes. The estimation of the state of the transformed communities and their comparison with the norm are based the important indexes of specific variety: specific riches, specific quantity, evened, prevailing index and index of specific variety. It is found that the parameters of specific variety of flood-plain complexes change dynamically after fires, which is directed at establishing an equilibrium of processes of their functioning.

We report the place and role of the provincial press in promoting the ideas of protection of the natural resources of the region, the establishment of social and economic direction of environmental activities. We analyze the newspaper ‘Vedomosti of Poltava Gubernia’ - the first periodical publication in Poltava. The publications are characterized by the practical orientation, orient population to engage in farming based on the rational use of natural resources. The practical orientation of publications discloses their upbringing potential: the development of interest in the study of the laws of nature, upbringing of careful attitude to the natural resources.

We consider the results of the research focused on the forms of organization of the educational activity directed at teaching ecology. Models used in the process of environmental education at schools of the Moscow region are presented. It is found that the majority of school pupils receive some ecological knowledge in studying other school subjects. Ecology as a subject is mainly studied during extra-curriculum hours and at institutions of further education. Therefore, methodical recommendations of the organization of these forms of activity are presented.

We consider the system-active approach (forming the basis of the Federal State Educational Standards), which is used in the organization of teaching cognitive activity of students. The educational process takes into account individual, age, psychological and physiological characteristics of each student. Our methodical organization of collective teaching cognitive activity stimulates the development of individual work and activity of each student. The above-mentioned features help to improve individual work, positive motivation and interest in biology.