Chronic experiments with rabbits have shown that electrical destruction of dorsal amygdalofugal pathways leads to complete and persisted blockade of hippocampal theta rhythm in contrast to ventral one. In intact animals, electro- and chemostimulation of amygdala nuclei, hypothalamus, reticular formation and medial septum nucleus lead to the formation of well pronounced theta rhythm in hippocampus, but after destruction of the amygdalofugal pathway any theta-rhythm in this structure is not observed. Restoration of hippocampal EEG took place under intrahippocampal application of carbocholine and strychnine. It is proposed that one of the necessary conditions for the regulation of excitability of hippocampal neurons is the integrity of dorsal amygdalofugal pathways by means of which regulatory influence of amygdale on the hippotalamic neurosecretory cells is realized.

We report experimental data on the dynamics of activity of acid phosphatase in a river snail Viviparus viviparus L. under the influence of sodium fluoride. Changes in activity of abovementioned enzymes in the experimental animals in norm are studied. Тhe development of the stress reaction in mollusks in response to acute toxic action is shown. The possibility of accumulation of fluoride ion in the hepar of a river snail is investigated. A hypothesis for the regulation of the content of fluorine in a river snail by the active reverse transport is proposed.

The influence of cadmium nitrate to plants of wheat varieties Priokskaya manifests itself in a significant reduction in the germination of seeds’ reduction of biometric measurements. Under the influence of cadmium ions significantly reduced the intensity of photosynthesis. The cadmium nitrate at a concentration of 75 mg/l has less of an inhibitory effect on seedling wheat with some of the observed adaptation of the studied varieties to the impact of adverse factors on the process of photosynthesis. The increase in shoot length under the influence of nitta cadmium is probably connected with the partial accumulation of toxic ions in vacuoles in the form of inactive compounds.

We report the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity, anthocyanin and flavonoid levels at different stages of apple fruit (Malus domestica Borkh.) development on mother trees. We have observed a wide variation in the level of the PAL activity, anthocyanin and total flavonoid levels in different apple cultivars and at different stages of development. The curves showing the change in the PAL activity have two distinct peaks. The PAL activity was found to be the highest in immature fruit, dropped to low levels during development, and then rose upon ripening. We have found a significant correlation between the average PAL activity over the all developmental stages and the final concentration of total flavonoids; however, apparent correlation between the average PAL activity and final anthocyanin concentration has not been observed.

Leguminous plants (Fabacea Lindl.) constitute a large group of flowering plants widely spread in Azerbaijan. However, in recent years their spread has been reduced due to the influence of different environmental factors. We have studied the preserved habitats of some species: Albizzia julibrissin Durazz., Gleditschia caspia Desf., Securigera hyrcana (Prilipko) Czer., and Coronilla hyrcana (Prilipko). Possible measures are considered for the conservation of these and other rare species, including an increase in their numbers by reintroduction into natural habitats and breeding under in situ conditions. The necessity of preserving the genetic diversity of protected species, in particular, of relic and endemic plant communities in the territory of Azerbaijan is substantiated.

A differentiated comparison of skin microflora among groups of educational institutions is performed. Experimental groups included pupils of 8-10 classes, secondary school teachers from one of the districts of the Moscow region, university professors (Moscow State Regional University). A significant level of contamination of the skin of pupils by Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus is found. The level of contamination of the skin of teachers is more diverse but has a lower level of Escherichia coli lower than that of pupils. The level of contamination of the skin in university professors is generally lower than that of school teachers, which indicates a higher level of sanitary conditions in higher education institutions.

We present the results of immunological and molecular biological diagnostic tests for Chlamydia in different animal species at Kuba and Shabran Veterinary Laboratories. In carrying out serological studies we have found the sensitivity of reactions in diagnosing Chlamydia. According to the studies, the most sensitive was the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In the course of the experiments we have obtained the results on propagation of Chlamydia in organs and tissues. When comparing bacterioscopic and microbiological methods, the latter is generally more sensitive, but it does not allow one to determine the activity or inactivity of Chlamydia.

The estimation of the fluorine content in the samples of 11 species of plants, sampling on a site to the Yaroslavl highway (Moscow region). Fluorine content in the studied plants totaled 170-320 mg / kg, which is evidence of serious pollution by fluorine roadside areas. It is shown a slight decrease with the increase of bioaccumulation of fluoride concentrations in soils, that lead to a preliminary conclusion about the presence of adaptive mechanisms that prevent its accumulation in plants.

Based on the collection of field materials and determination of the species composition of entomophagous, we have clarified the environmental characteristics of the spread of entomophages of plant pests on the Absheron Peninsula. The results of observations of the effects of abiotic factors, nutrition, and other features of life-staining activity on the reproduction and development of parasites and their hosts are generalized. The impact of the overall habitat conditions of entomophages and insects on their ecological relationships is described. It is found that the use of sound agronomic practices prevents insect outbreaks, provides stable optimal quantitative relationships between entomophages and plant pests.

We report the experimental data on the possibility of assessing the influence of phototherapy on the system of blood and microbic colonization of a wound by the dynamics of hematologic and microbiological indicators in the case of mid-range UV irradiation. The indicators are found to approach the normal level, which can be used as a criterion of medical efficacy of laser irradiation.

. Germination and viability of seeds that are extracted several times during the winter period for germination experiments from an aerial seed bank of population of annual climbing plant Fallopia dumetorum (Polygonaceae) are studied experimentally. The studied species tends to retain the most part of the seed yield in the aboveground (=aerial) seed bank on the mortal dry shoots remaining on natural or man-made supports in winter. Data on serotinous seed weight variability for the studied species are presented. Subsequent to the germination tests, a latent viability of the seeds is proved via embryo excavation and therefore conclusions about induced dormancy status of dormant seeds are drawn.

The model of regulative all-round educational actions (methods) and the process of its development are described. The key-notes of the methodological model rely on the basic principles of complex systems and information received from pedagogical research and analysis of pedagogical practice. We single out such stages as purpose of the study, motivation, content, activity and performance, which correspond in practice to the subsequent components of the controlled methodological model. In addition, we underline the actuality of development and elaboration of such approaches to organization of cognitive educational activity in the process of teaching biology, which provide the efficiency of the model formation of regulative all-round educational actions (methods).

We report the influence of phosphorus-containing compounds on the process of complexation of europium ions with fluorinated carbazole-containing tetraketon (4,4,4-Trifluoro-1-[6-(4,4,4-trifluoro-3-oxobutanoyl)-9H-carbazole-3-yl]-1,3-butanedione) and luminescence-spectral properties and stability of the complexes in time. It is found that trioctylphosphineoxide has the strongest impact among phosphorus-containing synergists on the luminescence; however, the influence of larger triphenylphosphineoxide on luminescent characteristics is of long-term nature, which is due to lower stacking effects of flat carbazole cycles.

The process of reverse osmosis is presented from the point of view of physical and chemical aspects. We report the results of the performance of the reverse osmosis filters over a long period of testing. Correction of previously identified effects is performed, taking into account the stability of such filters. The relationship between characteristics of reverse osmosis and ion hydration is shown on a qualitatively new basis, which contributes to more accurate identification of semipermeability mechanisms. It is found that the process of reverse osmosis stops when mobile water is absent in the solution, i.e., at a salt concentration that is close to the threshold level of complete hydration.

We¹ consider the presently relevant ideas of the fundamental work on the impact of man on nature, which were first expressed by American researcher J.P. Marsh, whose priority in this field is still worthy of note. The scientific activity of J.P. Marsh is analyzed from the point of view of three aspects. First, we have found the ideas that, despite the fact that their authorship belongs to the American researcher, were later attributed to other scientists. Second, we dwell on the basic concept of J.P. Marsh on the legality and consequences of changes in human environment. Third, we point out the J.P. Marsh’s ideas, which were later developed in geography, geotechnomorphlogy and geo-ecology. Original ideas laid 150 years ago by J.P. Marsh in his fundamental work are important and necessary to effectively address the emerging challenges of our time.

Detection of ultra-weak signals in the ELF/VLF range and location of their source are possible when use is made of specialized highly sensitive equipment. ‘Pluton’ and ‘Whistler’ magnetometric installations with record-low intrinsic noise, wide dynamic range and accuracy of temporary bindings at 30 ns are developed at the Institute of Geosphere Dynamics, RAS. The utilization of this equipment and the intrinsic methods of registration have made it possible to detect ultra-weak signals in the ELF/VLF range and to locate the source at a distance of about 2000 km.

We discuss the main issues of long-term planning of engineering activities associated with the environmental reliability of water supply sources. The analysis of the problems of water quality of water sources with consideration of natural processes in water bodies is used as a basis for designing reliability of water supply treatment plants and natural waters. An original scheme of the preparation of water for domestic purposes is proposed by taking into account natural processes and influencing factors.