STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE PAZ RIVER BASIN IN CONNECTION WITH TYPES OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT (FROM ANCIENT TIMES UNTIL THE EARLY XX CENTURY)

Abstract

The paper summarizes the results of studying
the history of development of the Paz river basin which flows
along the Finland-Norway-Russia border. There are four
stages in the development of this territory, each of the stages
being characterized by specific anthropogenic activities. At
the first stage (up to the mid-XVI century), the Sami people
engaged in hunting, fishing, reindeer breeding, and forest felling
live in the Paz river basin. The second stage (from 1565
till 1750) is associated with appearance of monks and clergymen,
development of agriculture and stabling of livestock. At
the third stage (till 1890) Russian and Norwegian fishermen
start developing the area, which leads to an increase in anthropogenic
pressure. At the last (fourth) stage resident population
is formed, which marks a conflict of interest between
the major users of natural resources. By the beginning of the
XX century the territory of the Paz river basin undergoes the
process of heterogeneous transformation of landscapes (from
secondary derivative to anthropogenic).