ENERGY SECURITY OF SMALL EUROPEAN COUNTRIES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE STATES OF THE SCANDINAVIAN REGION)

Aim. The purpose is to show how small European countries that do not have their own significant energy resources manage to create an energy complex which allows these countries to achieve a high level of economic development and to provide their citizens with high social standards. Methodology. Statistical data provided in international and European statistical yearbooks is used to reveal the spatial organization of the energy complex of the Northern European countries. The comparative-geographical method is mainly used, as well as the method of geopolitical analysis, taking into account the socio-economic factor, which makes it possible to conduct an analysis at a time when intercountry integration in the region began to manifest itself most clearly. Results. The national energy systems of Scandinavia are a complex organism with a multi-vector orientation. These countries have created a common energy space, where there are unified energy trading rules, and there are no cross-border duties on the purchase and sale of electricity. From the middle of the twentieth century a state monopoly was established for the production and transmission of electricity. Research implications. The research materials can be used in the work of international councils, in particular, on the Arctic, in which Russia takes part, as well as in the training students on geography and economics departments.

energy security, socio-economic indicators, liberalization, diversification of supplies, cross-border cooperation, sustainable energy

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