Navigational Basis for the Development of Territorial Recreational Systems

   Aim. Analysis of the possibilities of designing and developing tourism and recreational systems based on the use of the recreational potential of prehistoric objects of natural and cultural heritage of Russia, associated with navigation - orientation and movement.

   Methodology. The methodological basis of the study is the author's navigation concept of information modeling of the world, in which orientation and movement are considered as the main condition for the development of geographical space and territorial systems. The work used standard methods of collecting, processing and spatial analysis of geographical data on prehistoric objects of cultural heritage related to navigation.

   Results. The analysis of the placement of prehistoric heritage sites of natural, natural-anthropogenic and anthropogenic origin (weathering remnants, rock paintings, stone labyrinths, menhirs, revered stones, etc.) as elements of an ancient navigation network – visual landmarks and time-determining tools. In accordance with the objectives of developing domestic tourism in Russia, a research program "Natural and Cultural Heritage of Russia as a Resource for Tourism Development" was developed and areas of potential development of regional tourism and recreational systems were identified. An algorithm for developing the territory "point-line-area" was developed, in which the functions of growth points are performed by prehistoric heritage sites. Using the example of the model region of the White Sea, it is shown that navigation activities at prehistoric cultural heritage sites can become a driver of economic development of the territory. To maintain the sustainability of landscape complexes, it is recommended to combine navigational tourism with ecological tourism.

   Research implications. The aim of the work is to reveal the recreational and system-forming potential of prehistoric heritage sites that once had navigational significance. The navigational approach proposed in the article will allow more effective use of prehistoric heritage sites for the development of domestic tourism in the Russian Federation and economic development of the Arctic zone. In the future, the development of navigation tourism in the Arctic may become transboundary and circumpolar, which will contribute to the improvement of the economic and political situation.

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