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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">geomgou</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Географическая среда и живые системы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Geographical Environment and Living Systems</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2712-7613</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-7621</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Московский государственный областной университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">geomgou-412</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ПОЛИМОРФИЗМА ПЕРВИЧНОЙ СТРУКТУРЫ
ГЕНА AVR4 ООМИЦЕТА PHYTOPHTHORA INFESTANS (MONT.) DE BARY</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIMARY STRUCTURE POLYMORPHISM
OF AVR4 GENE IN PHYTOPHTHORA INFESTANS (MONT.) DE BARY</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мартынов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Martynov</surname><given-names>V. .</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">martynov.vik@gmail.com &lt;mailto:martynov.vik@gmail.com&gt;</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный областной университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State Regional University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>05</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>29</fpage><lpage>36</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мартынов В.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мартынов В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Martynov V...</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.geoecosreda.ru/jour/article/view/412">https://www.geoecosreda.ru/jour/article/view/412</self-uri><abstract><p>В работе приводится описание полиморфизма первичной структуры гена вирулентности Avr4 оомицета P. infestans в полевых образцах P. infestans из Московской и Владимирской областей. В частности, в нуклеотидных последовательностях гена Avr4 было выявлено четыре сайта однонуклеотидного полиморфизма, которые можно отнести к горячим точкам мутагенеза (положения 180, 278, 376 и 439). В зависимости от нуклеотидного состава в вышеуказанных положениях среди нефункциональных вариантов гена Avr4 было выявлено пять аллельных вариантов. На основании полученных данных был сделан вывод о том, что ген Avr4 обладает значительным полиморфизмом первичной структуры, но для выяснения причин этого полиморфизма и характера эволюции этого гена, а также установления частот выявленных аллелей в популяциях P. infestans, необходимо проведение дополнительных популяционно-генетических исследований.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper describes the primary structure polymorphism of the oomycete virulence gene Avr4 in field samples of P. infestans from the Moscow and Vladimir regions of Russia. It is found that in nucleotide sequences the Avr4 gene exhibits four site of single nucleotide polymorphism that can be attributed to hot spots of mutagenesis (at 180, 278, 376 and 439). Depending on the nucleotide composition, among the non-functional variants of the Avr4 gene, five allelic variants are identified. Based on these data, it was concluded that the Avr4 gene has considerable polymorphism of the primary structure, but in order to elucidate the causes of this polymorphism and the nature of the evolution of this gene, as well as to establish the allele frequencies in populations of P. infestans, additional population-genetic studies are required.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>молекулярная генетика</kwd><kwd>гены вирулентности</kwd><kwd>аллель</kwd><kwd>фитопатоген</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>molecular genetics</kwd><kwd>virulence genes</kwd><kwd>alleles</kwd><kwd>phytopathogens</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вахрушева О.А., Недоспасов С.А. Система врожденного иммунитета у растений // Молекулярная Биология. 2011. Т. 45 (№ 1). С. 20-29.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Вахрушева О.А., Недоспасов С.А. 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