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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">geomgou</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Географическая среда и живые системы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Geographical Environment and Living Systems</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2712-7613</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-7621</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Московский государственный областной университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18384/2712-7621-2025-4-7-34</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">geomgou-1646</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОТКЛИКИ ЛАНДШАФТОВ И ЭКОСИСТЕМ  НА ГЛОБАЛЬНЫЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ КЛИМАТА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESPONSES OF LANDSCAPES AND ECOSYSTEMS  TO GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Отклик древесной растительности западного макросклона Приполярного Урала на современное потепление климата</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Response of the Treeline of the Western Ridges of the Subpolar Urals to Current Climate Change</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7446-0654</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорьев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigoriev</surname><given-names>А. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Андреевич Григорьев, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>лаборатория геоинформационных технологий</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey A. Grigoriev, PhD (Agricultura), Senior Researcher</p><p>Laboratory of Geographic Information Technologies</p><p>Yekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">grigoriev.a.a@ipae.uran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7173-4878</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вьюхин</surname><given-names>С. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vyukhin</surname><given-names>S. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Олегович Вьюхин, младший научный сотрудник</p><p>лаборатория геоинформационных технологий</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey O. Vyukhin, Junior Researcher</p><p>Laboratory of Geographic Information Technologies</p><p>Yekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sergey.vyuhin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6198-7281</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шубницина</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shubnitsina</surname><given-names>Е. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Игоревна Шубницина, кандидат технических наук, заместитель директора</p><p>Республика Коми; Вуктыл</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena I. Shubnitsina, PhD (Technical Sciences), Deputy Director</p><p>Komi Republic; Vuktyl</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shub07@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0173-6293</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шалаумова</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shalaumova</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлия Валерьевна Шалаумова, кандидат технических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>лаборатория геоинформационных технологий</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia V. Shalaumova, PhD (Technical Sciences), Senior Researcher</p><p>Laboratory of Geographic Information Technologies</p><p>Yekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jvshalaumova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8063-7987</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Басманов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Basmanov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Андреевич Басманов, инженер</p><p>факультет радиотехники и телекоммуникаций; кафедра радиотехнических систем </p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander A. Basmanov, Engineer</p><p>Faculty of Radio Engineering and Telecommunications; Department of Radio Engineering Systems</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alex.basmanov00@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0356-5651</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богачёв</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogachev</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Игоревич Богачёв, доктор технических наук, главный научныйсотрудник</p><p>факультет радиотехники и телекоммуникаций; кафедра радиотехнических систем</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail I. Bogachev, Dr. Sci. (Technical Sciences), Chief Researcher</p><p>Faculty of Radio Engineering and Telecommunications; Departmentof Radio Engineering Systems</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mibogachev@etu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт экологии растений и животных Уральского отделения Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology (Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный парк «Югыд ва»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Park «Yugyd Va»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный электротехнический университет «ЛЭТИ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg Electrotechnical University «LETI»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>34</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Григорьев А.А., Вьюхин С.О., Шубницина Е.И., Шалаумова Ю.В., Басманов А.А., Богачёв М.И., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Григорьев А.А., Вьюхин С.О., Шубницина Е.И., Шалаумова Ю.В., Басманов А.А., Богачёв М.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Grigoriev А.A., Vyukhin S.O., Shubnitsina Е.I., Shalaumova Y.V., Basmanov A.A., Bogachev M.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.geoecosreda.ru/jour/article/view/1646">https://www.geoecosreda.ru/jour/article/view/1646</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>   Цель</title><p>   Цель. Провести качественную и количественную оценку изменения лесопокрытых площадей и трансформации древесной растительности на верхнем пределе её произрастания в пределах западного макросклона Приполярного Урала.</p></sec><sec><title>   Процедура и методы</title><p>   Процедура и методы. На постоянных пробных площадях, заложенных на склонах разных экспозиций в экотоне верхней границы леса, сделано описание 750 деревьев на общей площади 2,32 га. Выполнено повторное пейзажное фотографирование древесной растительности с той же точки. Проведён сравнительный анализ пространственного и высотного расположения верхней границы редколесий на аэрофотоснимках и спутниковых изображениях 1963 и 2022 г. С использованием геоинформационных технологий сделаны расчёты изменения пространственно-временного положения верхней границы редколесий. На основе данных ширины годичных колец и аллометрических уравнений зависимости фитомассы деревьев от их диаметра произведена реконструкция погодичного накопления фитомассы древостоев. Проведён анализ динамики радиального прироста деревьев в последнем столетии.</p></sec><sec><title>   Результаты</title><p>   Результаты. Установлено, что за последние 50–70 лет на западном макросклоне Приполярного Урала произошёл сдвиг верхней границы распространения редколесий в сообщества горных тундр. Показано, что наиболее интенсивное кумулятивное изменение общей надземной фитомассы происходило в последнем столетии, особенно после 1950-х гг. Установлено, что в последние десятилетия (с 1990-х гг. по настоящее время) происходило увеличение радиального прироста деревьев независимо от их возраста. Отмечено, что продвижение и трансформация древесной растительности в последнем столетии происходила более медленными темпами, чем в других ранее исследованных частях Урала (Южный Урал, Северный Урал, Полярный Урал). Это может объясняться увеличением количества осадков в твёрдом виде и более поздними сроками схода снежного покрова.</p><p>   Теоретическая и/или практическая значимость. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы при создании сценарных моделей климатогенной трансформации высокогорных экосистем Приполярного Урала.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   Aim. This work aimed to qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate alterations in forest land cover and the transformation of woody vegetation at the upper limit of its growth within the western ridges of the Subpolar Urals.   Methodology. Permanent sample plots were established on different slopes within the upper forest ecotone, encompassing a total of 750 trees across an area of 2,32 ha. Repeated landscape photography of woody vegetation was carried out from the same point. A comparative analysis of the spatial and altitudinal distribution of the forest vegetation was conducted using aerial photographs and satellite multispectral imagery acquired between 1963 and 2022. Corresponding treeline positions were determined using GIS. Based on the tree-ring data and allometric equations relating tree phytomass to diameter, we reconstructed annual phytomass accumulation and analyzed tree radial growth dynamics over the past century.   Results. It has been established that a shift in the upper boundary of open forests into mountain tundra communities occurred on the western ridges of the Subpolar Urals over the past 50–70 years. The most intense cumulative change in total aboveground phytomass occurred during the last century, particularly after the 1950s. In recent decades (from the 1990s to the present), there has been an increase in radial growth of trees of all ages. However, the expansion and transformation of woody vegetation during the last century occurred at a slower pace than in other previously studied parts of the Urals (the Southern, Northern, and Polar Urals). This can be explained by an increase in the amount of solid precipitation and later dates for the melting of snow cover.   Research implications. Our results are indicative of the climate transformations in high-rise ecosystems of the Subpolar Urals.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>изменение климата</kwd><kwd>динамика растительности</kwd><kwd>фитомасса древостоев</kwd><kwd>верхняя граница леса</kwd><kwd>геоинформационные технологии</kwd><kwd>Уральские горы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>climate change</kwd><kwd>growth dynamics</kwd><kwd>tree phytomass</kwd><kwd>treeline</kwd><kwd>geoinformation technologies</kwd><kwd>Ural Mountains</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках научного сотрудничества Института экологии растений и животных УрО РАН и национального парка «Югыд ва». Авторы статьи выражают искреннюю благодарность профессору, д. б. н. С. Г. Шиятову за научную идею и исследовательскую мотивацию, Ю. С. Трубникову за помощь в сборе экспериментального материала. Исследования выполнены при поддержке Государственного задания Института экологии растений и животных УрО РАН № 122021000083-7. Методологические аспекты и инструменты анализа данных разработаны в рамках проекта Российского научного фонда (проект № 22-76-10042)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was conducted as a part of a collaboration between the Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Yugyd Va National Park. The authors express their sincere gratitude to Professor S. G. Shiyatov for the scientific concept and for inspiring this research, and to Yu. S. Trubnikov for assistance with collecting experimental data. This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation under State Assignment no. 122021000083- 7. 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