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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">geomgou</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Географическая среда и живые системы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Geographical Environment and Living Systems</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2712-7613</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-7621</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Московский государственный областной университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18384/2310-7189-2018-3-110-124</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">geomgou-148</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РАЗДЕЛ II. БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>МОЛЕКУЛЯРНЫЕ МЕТОДЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И МОНИТОРИНГА ВОЗБУДИТЕЛЯ ФИТОФТОРОЗА КАРТОФЕЛЯ PHYTOPHTHORA INFESTANS</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MOLECULAR METHODS OF RESEARCH AND MONITORING OF LATE BLIGHT PATHOGEN PHYTOPHTHORA INFESTANS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколова</surname><given-names>Екатерина Андеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolova</surname><given-names>Ekaterina A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">katesokol83@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>Мария Алексевена</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>Maria A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">kuznetsova@vniif.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рогожин</surname><given-names>Александр Николаевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rogozhin</surname><given-names>Alexander N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">rogozhin@vniif.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демидова</surname><given-names>Валентина Николаевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demidova</surname><given-names>Valentina N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">devalya82@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уланова</surname><given-names>Тамара Ивановна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ulanova</surname><given-names>TamaraI. .</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">tamra53@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сметанина</surname><given-names>Татьяна Ивановна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smetanina</surname><given-names>Tatiana I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">tanechka.smetanina.58@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рогозина</surname><given-names>Елена Вячеславовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rogozina</surname><given-names>Elena V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">rogozinaelena@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хавкин</surname><given-names>Эмиль Ефимович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khavkin</surname><given-names>Emil E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">emil.khavkin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский институт сельскохозяйственной биотехнологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechmology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский институт фитопатологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений им. Н.И. Вавилова (ВИР)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Center the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), ul</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>05</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>110</fpage><lpage>124</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Соколова Е.А., Кузнецова М.А., Рогожин А.Н., Демидова В.Н., Уланова Т.И., Сметанина Т.И., Рогозина Е.В., Хавкин Э.Е., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Соколова Е.А., Кузнецова М.А., Рогожин А.Н., Демидова В.Н., Уланова Т.И., Сметанина Т.И., Рогозина Е.В., Хавкин Э.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sokolova E.A., Kuznetsova M.A., Rogozhin A.N., Demidova V.N., Ulanova T..., Smetanina T.I., Rogozina E.V., Khavkin E.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.geoecosreda.ru/jour/article/view/148">https://www.geoecosreda.ru/jour/article/view/148</self-uri><abstract><p>Фитофтороз (возбудитель - оомицет Phytophthora infestans Mont. de Bary) остается первостепенной экономической проблемой производства картофеля. Молекулярный скрининг генов (а)вирулентности патогена (Avr генов) и генов устойчивости растений к P. infestans (Rpi генов) позволяет предсказать изменения в составе популяции патогена и предположить, какие сорта картофеля пострадают в первую очередь. Для оценки разнообразия изолятов, которое определяется миграцией патогена, мы сравнили генотипы в изолятах P. infestans, собранных в 2013-2015 гг. в коллекционных посадках межвидовых гибридов картофеля в Пушкинских лабораториях ВИР и в коммерческих посадках картофеля в нескольких регионах России. Присутствие двух типов спаривания, А1 и А2, также способствует увеличению разнообразия за счет половой рекомбинации. Молекулярные методы были использованы для генотипирования образцов патогена и определения типа спаривания и состава Avr генов. Результаты молекулярных исследований сопоставили с такими фенотипическими характеристиками, как тип спаривания, устойчивость к металаксилу, состав факторов вирулентности, выявляемых с помощью растений-дифференциаторов, и агрессивность в тесте с клубнями картофеля.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The oomycete Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary, the casual agent of the late blight, still remains the main cause resulting in economic problems for potato growers. Molecular screening of (a)virulence genes of the pathogen (Avr genes) and plant genes for resistance to P. infestans (Rpi genes) would help monitor the changes in the pathogen populations and predict the most vulnerable potato varieties. To assess variation in isolates due to pathogen migration, we compared P. infestans genotypes in the isolates sampled in 2013-2015 in the Pushkin collection of interspecific hybrids (St. Petersburg) and in the commercial potato stands in several regions of Russia. The presence of two mating types, A1 and A2, also promotes pathogen variation due to sexual recombination. Molecular methods were employed for genotyping pathogen samples and assessing their mating type and Avr gene profiles. These molecular indices were related to such phenotypic characteristics as mating type, metalaxyl resistance, virulence factors tested with the differential plants and aggressiveness in the potato tuber test.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Phytophthora infestans</kwd><kwd>фитофтороз картофеля</kwd><kwd>SSR генотипирование</kwd><kwd>A1/A2 тип спаривания</kwd><kwd>факторы вирулентности</kwd><kwd>Avr гены вирулентности P. infestans</kwd><kwd>Rpi гены устойчивости к P. infestans</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кузнецова М. А., Козловский Б. Е., Бекетова М. П. и др. 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