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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">geomgou</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Географическая среда и живые системы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Geographical Environment and Living Systems</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2712-7613</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-7621</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Московский государственный областной университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18384/2712-7621-2024-3-26-46</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">geomgou-1374</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОТКЛИКИ ЛАНДШАФТОВ И ЭКОСИСТЕМ  НА ГЛОБАЛЬНЫЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ КЛИМАТА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESPONSES OF LANDSCAPES AND ECOSYSTEMS  TO GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Горные тундры Южного Урала: современное распространение  и угроза исчезновения в ххi веке</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Alpine tundras of the Southern Urals: current distribution and threat of extinction in the 21st century</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7446-0654</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорьев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigoriev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Григорьев Андрей Андреевич – кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории геоинформационных технологий</p><p>620144, г. Екатеринбург, ул. 8 марта, д. 202</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey A. Grigoriev – PhD (Agricultural), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Geographic information Technologies</p><p>8 Мarta st. 202, Yekaterinburg 620144</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">grigoriev.a.a@ipae.uran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шалаумова</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shalaumova</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шалаумова Юлия Валерьевна – кандидат технических наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории геоинформационных технологий</p><p>620144, г. Екатеринбург, ул. 8 марта, д. 202</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia V. Shalaumova – PhD (Engineering), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Geographic information Technologies</p><p>8 Мarta st. 202, Yekaterinburg 620144</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4033-6267</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Терентьева</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Terentyeva</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Терентьева Мария Вячеславовна – инженер 1 категории лаборатории геоинформационных технологий</p><p>620144, г. Екатеринбург, ул. 8 марта, д. 202</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria V. Terentyeva – Engineer of the 1st category, Laboratory of Geographic information Technologies</p><p>8 Мarta st. 202, Yekaterinburg 620144</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">terenteva_mv@ipae.uran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7173-4878</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вьюхин</surname><given-names>С. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vyukhin</surname><given-names>S. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вьюхин Сергей Олегович – младший научный сотрудник лаборатории геоинформационных технологий</p><p>620144, г. Екатеринбург, ул. 8 марта, д. 202</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey O. Vyukhin – Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Geographic information Technologies</p><p>8 Мarta st. 202, Yekaterinburg 620144</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sergey.vyuhin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7339-1266</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балакин</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balakin</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Балакин Дмитрий Сергеевич – младший научный сотрудник лаборатории геоинформационных технологий</p><p>620144, г. Екатеринбург, ул. 8 марта, д. 202</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry S. Balakin – Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Geographic information Technologies</p><p>8 Мarta st. 202, Yekaterinburg 620144</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dmitrijbalakin047@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4808-295X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Моисеев</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Moiseev</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Моисеев Павел Александрович – доктор биологических наук, заведующий лаборатории геоинформационных технологий</p><p>620144, г. Екатеринбург, ул. 8 марта, д. 202</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel A. Moiseev – Dr. Sci. (Biology), Laboratory Head, Laboratory of Geographic information Technologies</p><p>8 Мarta st. 202, Yekaterinburg 620144</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">moiseev@ipae.uran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт экологии растений и животных Уральского отделения Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт экологии растений и животных Уральского отделения Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>26</fpage><lpage>46</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Григорьев А.А., Шалаумова Ю.В., Терентьева М.В., Вьюхин С.О., Балакин Д.С., Моисеев П.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Григорьев А.А., Шалаумова Ю.В., Терентьева М.В., Вьюхин С.О., Балакин Д.С., Моисеев П.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Grigoriev A.A., Shalaumova Y.V., Terentyeva M.V., Vyukhin S.O., Balakin D.S., Moiseev P.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.geoecosreda.ru/jour/article/view/1374">https://www.geoecosreda.ru/jour/article/view/1374</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Анализ современного распространения горных тундр на территории Южного Урала, определение и каталогизация площадей, занятых сообществами горной тундры для оценки возможной угрозы их исчезновения в XXI веке.</p></sec><sec><title>Процедура и методы</title><p>Процедура и методы. На спутниковых изображениях открытых картографических сервисов (Яндекс, Google) выполнен визуальный поиск потенциального расположения тундровых сообществ в горах Южного Урала. Проведено маршрутное обследование основных горных вершин и хребтов (Большой Таганай, Уреньга, Зюраткуль, Большая Сука, Уван, Зигальга, Ягодный, Машак, Кумардак, Нары, Куянтау, Иремель, Нургуш), где дистанционно были выявлены предполагаемые места расположения горных тундр с целью уточнения их действительного наличия (или отсутствия) на местности. В геоинформационной системе полученные данные были совмещены с цифровой моделью рельефа, и были рассчитаны площади горных тундр. Видовой состав и основные типы горно-тундровых сообществ были определены методом маршрутного рекогносцировочного обследования.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Показано, что в горах Южного Урала сообщества горных тундр распространены на широтах от 53,7 до 55,4° с. ш. не менее чем на 37 вершинах (12 горных хребтов и массивов). Наибольшие по площади участки горных тундр расположены на хребтах Зигальга и Нургуш, массивах Куянтау и Иремель. На эти участки приходится около 80% в сумме (не менее 546 га) от площади всех горных тундр Южного Урала. Участки с небольшой площадью горных тундр (менее 20 га по отдельности) находятся на хребтах: Большой Таганай, Зюраткуль, Уреньга, Нургуш, Ягодный, Большая Сука, Нары, Машак, Кумардак и отдельных вершинах хребта Зигальга. Общая площадь горных тундр на этих хребтах составляет не менее 140 га (около 20% от общей площади горных тундр на Южном Урале). Составлен каталог и карта современного распространения горных тундр на Южном Урале. Определены участки, где горные тундры исчезли в предыдущие десятилетия и, вероятно, могут исчезнуть в будущие десятилетия.</p><p>Теоретическая и/или практическая значимость. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы при создании моделей климатогенной трансформации высокогорных экосистем Южного Урала и служить основой для мониторинга их состояния при различных сценариях изменения климата в будущем.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. Analysis of the current distribution of mountain tundra in the South Urals, determination and cataloging of areas occupied by mountain tundra communities to assess the possible threat of their extinction in the 21st century.</p></sec><sec><title>Methodology</title><p>Methodology. A visual search for potential locations of alpine tundra communities in the Southern Urals was conducted on satellite images from open mapping services (Yandex, Google) in maximum resolution. The principal peaks and ridges were subjected to detailed survey (Bolshoy Taganay, Urenga, Zyuratkul, Bolshaya Suka, Uvan, Zigalga, Yagodny, Mashak, Kumardak, Nary, Kuyantau, Iremel, Nurgush), and the locations of alpine tundra were identified. In a geographic information system, the obtained data were combined with a digital elevation model in order to calculate the area of alpine tundra. The species composition and the principal types of mountain tundra communities were identified through the utilisation of the route reconnaissance survey.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The present study demonstrates that alpine tundra communities are pervasive in the Southern Urals mountains, spanning latitudes between 53.7 and 55.4°N across a minimum of 37 peaks (comprising 12 mountain ranges and massifs). The largest alpine tundras in terms of area are located on the Zigalga, Nurgush ridges and the Kuyantau and Iremel massifs. These areas represent 80% of the total area of mountain tundra in the Southern Urals (at least 546 ha). The areas comprising alpine tundra, which collectively encompass less than 20 ha, are situated on the ridges of Bolshoy Taganay, Zyuratkul, Urenga, Nurgush, Yagodny, Bolshaya Suka, Nary, Mashak, Kumardak, and the individual peaks of Zigalga. The total area of alpine tundra on these ridges is estimated to be at least 140 hectares, which represents approximately 20% of the total area of all alpine tundra in the Southern Urals. A comprehensive catalogue and map of the contemporary distribution of alpine tundra in the Southern Urals have been compiled. The locations where mountain tundra has undergone a significant decline over recent decades and is likely to continue this trend in future decades have been identified.</p></sec><sec><title>Research implications</title><p>Research implications. The findings of this study can be utilized to develop models of climatogenic transformation in high-mountain ecosystems of the Southern Urals, and subsequently used to monitor their condition under a range of climate change scenarios in the future. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>динамика растительности</kwd><kwd>локальное вымирание видов</kwd><kwd>верхняя граница леса</kwd><kwd>изменение климата</kwd><kwd>Уральские горы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vegetation dynamics</kwd><kwd>local species extinction</kwd><kwd>upper treeline</kwd><kwd>climate change</kwd><kwd>Ural Mountains</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru"> Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке проекта Российского научного фонда №24-27-00338.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">  This study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, grant №24-27-00338.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Высоцкая А. 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