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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">geomgou</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Географическая среда и живые системы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Geographical Environment and Living Systems</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2712-7613</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-7621</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Московский государственный областной университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18384/2712-7621-2024-3-6-25</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">geomgou-1373</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕНДЕНЦИИ И ФАКТОРЫ  ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННОГО РАЗВИТИЯ  СТРАН И ТЕРРИТОРИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TRENDS AND FACTORS OF SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT  OF COUNTRIES AND TERRITORIE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современные изменения  в региональной специализации земледелия КНР (1990–2018 гг.)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Contemporary changes in regional specialisation of farming in PRC (1990–2018)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5099-212X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Наумов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Naumov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наумов Алексей Станиславович – кандидат географических наук, заведующий кафедрой социально-экономической географии зарубежных стран географического факультета</p><p>119991, г. Москва, Ленинские горы, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey S. Naumov – PhD (Geography), Departmentally Head, Department of Social and Economic Geography of foreign countries, Faculty of Geography</p><p>Leninskie Gory 1, Moscow 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alnaumov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4672-6566</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чубаров</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chubarov</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чубаров Илья Георгиевич – кандидат географических наук, старший научный сотрудник Центра политических исследований и прогнозов</p><p>117997, г. Москва, Нахимовский проспект, д. 32</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilya G. Chubarov – PhD (Geography), Senior Research, Center for Political Research and Forecasts</p><p>Nakhimovsky prosp.32, Moscow 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ilya.chubarov@vk.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0403-4850</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дворецкий</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dvoretskiy</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дворецкий Владимир Александрович – магистрант</p><p>Факультет      изменений окружающей и городской среды</p><p>ON M3J1P3, Торонто, ул. Кил Стрит, 4700</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir A. Dvoretskiy – Postgraduate student (MA)</p><p>Faculty of Environmental &amp; Urban Change</p><p>Keele Street 4700, ON M3J1P3, Toronto</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dvoretskyvladimir@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт Китая и современной Азии РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of China and Contemporary Asia, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Йоркский университет</institution><country>Канада</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>York University</institution><country>Canada</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>6</fpage><lpage>25</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Наумов А.С., Чубаров И.Г., Дворецкий В.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Наумов А.С., Чубаров И.Г., Дворецкий В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Naumov A.S., Chubarov I.G., Dvoretskiy V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.geoecosreda.ru/jour/article/view/1373">https://www.geoecosreda.ru/jour/article/view/1373</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель.  Выявление изменений в основных отраслях земледелия Китая и обусловивших их факторов на основе анализа статистических данных по провинциям КНР за период 1990–2018 гг.</p></sec><sec><title>Процедура и методы</title><p>Процедура и методы. Анализ данных динамики территориальной концентрации земледелия основан на расчёте индекса локализации посевных площадей сельскохозяйственных культур по провинциям, автономным районам и городам центрального подчинения. За 1990–2018 гг. проанализированы размеры посевных площадей основных сельскохозяйственных культур Китая: риса, пшеницы, кукурузы, сои, рапса, арахиса, подсолнечника, сахарного тростника, сахарной свеклы, табака и чая, а также агрегированные данные по корне- и клубнеплодам, прочим овощным и плодовым культурам.1</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты.  Анализ показал, что более узкой специализацией отличаются регионы на севере и на юго-востоке Китая. В целом по стране наименьшим уровнем территориальной концентрации отличалось производство плодовых, овощей, зерновых культур и арахиса.</p><p>Теоретическая и/или практическая значимость. Результаты исследования позволяют сделать вывод, что Китай всё больше встраивается в глобальную систему сельскохозяйственных районов, при этом эти изменения в размещении основных отраслей земледелия существенно влияют на трансформацию всей мировой системы. Изменения в специализации земледелия КНР на национальном и региональном уровнях могут оказать как положительное, так и отрицательное воздействие на потенциал импорта российской сельскохозяйственной продукции.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. Identifying the changes and factors in the allocation of China's major farming industries by analyzing statistical data for PRC provinces from 1990 to 2018.</p></sec><sec><title>Methodology</title><p>Methodology. The analysis of data on the dynamics of the territorial concentration of agriculture is based on the calculation of the index of localization of sown areas of crops by provinces, autonomous regions and cities of central subordination. The dynamics of the sown area of China's main agricultural crops in 1990-2018 was analyzed: rice, wheat, corn, soybeans, rapeseed, peanuts, sunflower, sugar cane, sugar beet, tobacco and tea, as well as aggregated data on root and tubers, other vegetable and fruit crops.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The analysis showed that the regions in the north and south-east of China differ in narrower specialization. In the whole country, the production of fruits, vegetables, cereals and peanuts was characterized by the lowest level of territorial concentration.</p></sec><sec><title>Research implications</title><p>Research implications. The results of the study allow us to conclude that China is increasingly integrating into the global system of agricultural areas, while these changes in the location of the main branches of agriculture significantly affect the transformation of the entire global system. Changes in the specialization of PRC farming at the national and regional levels can in positive and negative ways effect China’s import of Russian agricultural products.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>география сельского хозяйства</kwd><kwd>земледелие</kwd><kwd>рыночные реформы</kwd><kwd>сельскохозяйственные районы</kwd><kwd>территориальная концентрация</kwd><kwd>Китай</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>agricultural geography</kwd><kwd>farming</kwd><kwd>market reforms</kwd><kwd>spatial concentration</kwd><kwd>China</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">В статье представлены результаты научно-исследовательской работы, выполненной в рамках государственного задания на географическом факультете МГУ имени М. В. Ломоносова (№ 121051400060-2 «Теория и практика эволюционного страноведения в условиях глобальных вызовов») и в Институте Китая и современной Азии РАН (FMSF-2024-0020 «Государственное и правовое строительство в КНР»). Авторы благодарны профессору Института географии и природных ресурсов КАН Ли Юйхэну за ценные консультации при написании работы, а также студенту географического факультета МГУ имени М. В. Ломоносова Чжан Цзию за сбор статистической информации, использованной для расчётов и составления карт.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article presents the results of the research work carried out within the state assignment at the Geography Department of Lomonosov Moscow State University (No. 121051400060-2 ‘Theory and Practice of Evolutionary Country Studies in the Context of Global Challenges’) and at the Centre for Political Research and Forecasts of the Institute of China and Contemporary Asia of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FMSF-2024-0020 ‘State and Legal Construction in the PRC’). The authors are grateful to Prof. Li Yuheng of the Institute of Geography and Natural Resources, CAS, for valuable consultations in writing the paper, and to Zhang Jiyu, a student of the Faculty of Geography, Moscow State University, for collecting statistical information used for calculations and mapping.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бони Л. Д. Китайская деревня на пути к рынку. М.: ИДВ РАН, 2005. 526 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boni L. D. Kitayskaya derevnya na puti k rynku [Chinese village on the way to the market]. Moscow, iFES RAS Publ., 2005. 526 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гао тяньмин, Ерохин В. Л., Иволга А. 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